In the Philippines, children dive underwater, swim down a wooden shaft barely wider than their shoulders, and mine for gold – all while breathing through a narrow tube. Underwater mining – called compressor mining – is not seen anywhere outside the Philippines, but other forms of mining involving children on these islands are more familiar. Boys lowered 75 feet into mine pits, and small children, even 8, 9, or 10-years-old, handling poisonous mercury to separate the gold from the ore.